一花一世界

2006 年 09 月 05日, 星期二

CCITT Groups 1–4

n. A set of four standards recommended by the Comité Consultatif International Télégraphique et Téléphonique (International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee) for the encoding and transmission of images over fax machines. Groups 1 and 2 relate to analog devices and are generally out of use. Groups 3 and 4, which deal with digital devices, are outlined below. Group 3 is a widespread standard that supports standard images of 203 horizontal dots per inch (dpi) by 98 vertical dpi and fine images of 203 horizontal dpi by 198 vertical dpi; supports two methods of data compression, one (based on the Huffman code) reducing an image to 10 to 20 percent of the original, the second (READ, for relative element address designate) compressing images to 6 to 12 percent of the original; and provides for password protection and for polling so that a receiving machine can request transmission as appropriate. Group 4, a newer standard, supports images of up to 400 dpi; supports data compression based on a beginning row of white pixels (dots), with each succeeding line encoded as a series of changes from the line before, compressing images to 3 to 10 percent of the original; does not include error-correction information in the transmission; and requires an Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) phone line rather than a dial-up line.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.05 00:31 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(105次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CCITT V series

n. See V series.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.05 00:30 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(93次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CCITT X series

n. See X series.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.05 00:28 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(91次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CCITT X series

n. See X series.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.05 00:28 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(88次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

cc:Mail

n. An e-mail program originally introduced by cc:mail, Inc., and currently produced by the Lotus Development Corporation. Lotus cc:Mail runs on multiple networking platforms and the Internet and is closely integrated with Lotus Notes collaborative software.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.05 00:28 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(99次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

cd

n. Acronym for change directory. In MS-DOS, UNIX, and FTP client programs, the command that changes the current directory to the directory whose path follows cd in the command. See also directory, path (definition 5).

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.05 00:27 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(83次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CCP

n. Acronym for Certificate in Computer Programming. A senior-level programming credential awarded by the Institute for Certification of Computer Professionals to individuals who pass an extensive set of programming examinations.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.05 00:27 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(83次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

ccNUMA

n. Acronym for Cache-Coherent Non-Uniform Memory Access. A technology that enables many symmetric multiprocessing systems to be connected by high-speed/wide-bandwidth interconnect hardware so that they function as one machine. See also symmetric multiprocessing.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.05 00:27 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(92次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CD burner

n. See CD recorder.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.05 00:26 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(105次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CD drive

n. See CD-ROM drive.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.05 00:26 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(74次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CD

n. 1. An individual compact disc, such as a CD-ROM. See also CD-ROM, compact disc (definition 2). 2. Acronym for Carrier Detect, a signal sent from a modem to the attached computer to indicate that the modem is on line. See also DCD.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.05 00:26 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(101次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

cdev

n. Short for control panel device. A Macintosh utility that allows basic system settings to be customized. In Macintosh computers running System 6, a cdev is a utility program placed in the system folder. Keyboard and mouse cdevs are preinstalled. Other cdevs are provided with software packages and utilities. In System 7, cdevs are called control panels. See also control panel, system folder. Compare INIT.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.05 00:00 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(93次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CD-E

n. Acronym for compact disc-erasable. A technological improvement in CDs (compact discs) whereby information can be repeatedly changed on the CD. Contemporary CDs are “write once, read many,” in that the information originally written cannot be changed.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.05 00:00 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(92次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

2006 年 09 月 04日, 星期一

CDF

n. See Channel Definition Format.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.04 23:59 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(94次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CDFS

n. 1. Acronym for CD-ROM File System. A 32-bit protected-mode file system that controls access to the contents of CD-ROM drives in Windows 9x. See also protected mode. 2. A designation used with UNIX computers to indicate that a file system resides on a read-only removable medium (that is a CD-ROM). This usually implies that the compact disc is compliant with the ISO 9660 standard. CDFS is also used as a part of commands that mount media (hard drives, tape drives, remote networked drives, and CD-ROMs) for use on a computer. See also CD-ROM, ISO 9660.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.04 23:59 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(89次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CD-I

n. Acronym for compact disc-interactive. A hardware and software standard for a form of optical disc technology that can combine audio, video, and text on high-capacity compact discs. CD-I includes such features as image display and resolution, animation, special effects, and audio. The standard covers methods of encoding, compressing, decompressing, and displaying stored information. See also CD-ROM.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.04 23:58 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(101次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CDMA

n. See Code Division Multiple Access.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.04 23:57 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(100次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CDN

n. Acronym for content delivery network. A service that caches the pages of a Web site on geographically dispersed servers to enable faster delivery of Web pages. When a page is requested at a URL that is content delivery–enabled, the content delivery network routes the user's request to a cache server close to the user. See also content delivery.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.04 23:56 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(95次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CDP

n. Acronym for Certificate in Data Processing. A certificate awarded by the Institute for Certification of Computer Professionals to individuals who pass a set of examinations on computers and related areas, including programming, software, and systems analysis.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.04 23:56 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(121次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CDPD

n. See Cellular Digital Packet Data.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.04 23:56 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(105次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CD player

n. Short for compact disc player. A device that reads the information stored on a CD. A CD player contains the optical equipment necessary for reading a disc's contents and the electronic circuitry for interpreting the data as it is read.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.04 23:54 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(91次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CD Plus

n. A compact disc encoding format that allows mixing of audio recordings and computer data on the same CD, without the possibility of audio equipment becoming damaged by attempting to play the data sections.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.04 23:54 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(80次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CD-R

n. Acronym for compact disc-recordable. A type of CD-ROM that can be written on a CD recorder and read on a CD-ROM drive. See also CD recorder, CD-ROM.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.04 23:53 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(88次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CD-R/E

adj. Acronym for compact disc-recordable and erasable. Of or pertaining to hardware and software for interfacing computers with both CD-R (compact disc-recordable) and CD-E (compact disc-erasable) devices. See also CD-R.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.04 23:52 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(89次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CD recorder

n. A device used to write CD-ROMs. Because a disc can be written only once on these machines, they are used most commonly to create CD-ROMs for data archives or to produce CD-ROM masters that can be duplicated for mass distribution. Also called: CD-R machine, CD-ROM burner. See also CD-ROM.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.04 23:52 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(92次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CD-ROM

n. 1. Acronym for compact disc read-only memory. A form of storage characterized by high capacity (roughly 650 megabytes) and the use of laser optics rather than magnetic means for reading data. Although CD-ROM drives are strictly read-only, they are similar to CD-R drives (write once, read many), optical WORM devices, and optical read-write drives. See also CD-I, CD-R, WORM. 2. An individual CD (compact disc) designed for use with a computer and capable of storing up to 650 megabytes of data. See also CD, disc.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.04 23:50 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(99次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CD-ROM burner

n. See CD recorder.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.04 23:50 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(89次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CD-R machine

n. See CD recorder.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.04 23:50 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(102次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CD-ROM drive

n. An electromechancial device that reads data on CD-ROMs. Most CD-ROM drives have a SCSI interface, although some are connected to a PC via a controller for a disk drive. Data is read through a small laser that is focused on the surface of the CD-ROM through optical mirrors in the read/write head. A spindle and drive motor revolve the CD-ROM, so all data, which is stored in spirals from the center, can be read. CD-ROM drives vary in the access time to locate a track on the CD-ROM and the seek time to move the read/write head. See the illustration. Also called: CD drive. See also CD-ROM, compact disc.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.04 23:49 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(87次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CD-ROM Extended Architecture

n. See CD-ROM/XA.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.04 23:49 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(95次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CD-ROM File System

n. See CDFS (definition 1).

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.04 23:49 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(92次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CD-ROM jukebox

n. A CD-ROM player that can contain up to 200 CD-ROMs and is connected to a CD-ROM drive in a personal computer or workstation. A user can request data from any of the CD-ROMs in the jukebox, and the device will locate and play the disk that contains the data. Although only one CD-ROM can be played at a time, if multiple CD-ROM jukeboxes are each connected to separate CD-ROM drives that are daisy-chained together to the computer, more than one CD-ROM can be used at a time. See also CD-ROM, CD-ROM drive, daisy chain.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.04 23:48 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(91次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CD-RW

n. Acronym for compact disc-rewritable. The technology, equipment, software, and media used in the production of multiple-write CDs (compact discs).

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.04 23:47 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(85次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CDS

n. See Circuit Data Services.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.04 23:47 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(86次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CD-ROM/XA

n. Short for CD-ROM Extended Architecture. An extended CD-ROM format developed by Philips, Sony, and Microsoft. CD-ROM/XA is consistent with the ISO 9660 (High Sierra) standard, with further specification of ADPCM (adaptive differential pulse code modulation) audio, images, and interleaved data. See also adaptive differential pulse code modulation, CD-ROM, High Sierra specification.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.04 23:47 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(100次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CD Video

n. See CDV (definition 2).

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.04 23:46 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(77次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CDV

n. 1. Acronym for compressed digital video. The compression of video images for high-speed transmission. 2. Acronym for compact disc video. A 5-inch videodisc. See also videodisc.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.04 23:46 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(98次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

2006 年 09 月 01日, 星期五

CeBIT

n. One of the world's leading tradeshows for the information technology, telecommunications, and office automation industries. Held annually in Hannover, Germany, CeBIT attracts hundreds of thousands of visitors and exhibitors from more than 60 countries.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:49 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(85次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CEBus

n. Short for Consumer Electronic Bus. CEBus is an open architecture set of specification documents that define protocols for how to make products communicate through power line wires, low voltage twisted pairs, coax, infrared, RF, and fiber optics. Anyone, anywhere can get a copy of the plans and develop products that work with the CEBus standard.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:49 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(83次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Celeron

n. Intel's family of budget-priced microprocessors introduced in 1998. Celeron chips are based on the same P6 microarchitecture as the Pentium II processor. They include an integrated 128-KB L2 cache and support Intel's MMX technology. Celeron chips have speeds of up to 1.3 GHz in early 2002. See also Pentium.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:48 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(95次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

cell animation or cel animation

n. A process performed by software that emulates traditional cell animation, which uses transparent celluloid sheets (“cells” or “cels” for short) to overlay active elements in an animation frame onto a static background. Computer cell animation is quite efficient because images can be quickly reproduced and manipulated.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:47 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(82次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

cell padding

n. The space between the contents and the inside edges of a table cell.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:47 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(82次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

cell

n. 1. The intersection of a row and a column in a spreadsheet. Each row and column in a spreadsheet is unique, so each cell can be uniquely identified—for example, cell B17, at the intersection of column B and row 17. Each cell is displayed as a rectangular space that can hold text, a value, or a formula. 2. An addressable (named or numbered) storage unit for information. A binary cell, for example, is a storage unit that can hold 1 bit of information—that is, it can be either on or off. 3. A fixed-length packet, the basic transmission unit on high-speed networks, such as ATM. See also ATM. 4. Coverage area for wireless phones served by a single base station (cell tower), usually surrounded by six other cells. As a wireless phone moves across the boundary between cells, the conversation is handed from one cell to the next. Cells may be less than a half mile or more than 15 miles in radius, depending on the volume of wireless calls or the presence of large buildings or terrain that might interfere with signals.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:47 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(131次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

cell reference

n. The set of coordinates that a cell occupies on a worksheet. For example, the reference of the cell that appears at the intersection of column B and row 3 is B3.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:46 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(84次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

cellular automata

n. 1. In computer science, theoretical models of parallel computers. They enable the investigation of parallel computers without the need to actually build them. The cellular automaton is composed of a network of multiple cells, each representing a processor in the parallel computer. The cells must be identical, and they must have a finite amount of available memory. Each cell outputs a value calculated from the input values it receives from its neighboring cells, and all cells output their values simultaneously. 2. Systems in which rules are applied to multiple cells and their neighbors in a regular spatial lattice or grid that advances through time. Usually, each cell in a cellular automaton has any one state out of a finite number of states. The state changes discretely in time according to rules that depend on the condition of the individual cell and its neighbors. Thus, an individual cell in a cellular automaton takes a neighbor cell's state as input before outputting its own state. Additionally, all the cells in the lattice are updated simultaneously, while the state of the entire lattice also advances discretely in time. Many computer simulations of cellular automata are demonstrated on Web sites; the best known Web example is J.H. Conway's Game of Life.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:45 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(98次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

cell relay

n. A form of packet switching in which information is multiplexed onto a carrier and transferred in fixed-length packets (cells).

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:45 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(79次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Cellular Digital Packet Data

n. A wireless standard providing two-way, 19.2-Kbps packet data transmission over existing cellular telephone channels. Acronym: CDPD. See also packet, wireless.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:44 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(85次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Cellular Telecommunications and Internet Association

n. Association based in Washington, D.C. that represents the wireless telecommunications industry and its equipment manufacturers. Acronym: CTIA.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:44 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(85次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

censorship

n. The action of preventing material that a party considers objectionable from circulating within a system of communication over which that party has some power. The Internet as a whole is not censored, but some parts of it come under varying degrees of control. A news server, for example, often is set to exclude any or all of the alt. newsgroups, such as alt.sex.* or alt.music.white-power, which are unmoderated and tend to be controversial. A moderated newsgroup or mailing list might be considered to be “censored” because the moderator will usually delete highly controversial and obscene content or content that is on a different topic from that followed by the newsgroup. Online services have identifiable owners, who often take some share of responsibility for what reaches their users' computer screens. In some countries, censorship of certain political or cultural Web sites is a matter of national policy.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:43 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(102次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

censorware

n. Software that imposes restrictions on what Internet sites, newsgroups, or files may be accessed by the user.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:43 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(71次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

centi-

prefix 1. One hundred. 2. One hundredth, as in centimeter—one hundredth of a meter.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:42 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(84次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

centralized network

n. A network in which nodes connect to and use resources on a single central computer, typically a mainframe.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:42 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(90次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

center

vb. To align characters around a point located in the middle of a line, page, or other defined area; in effect, to place text an equal distance from each margin or border. See also align (definition 1).

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:42 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(227次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

centralized processing

n. The location of computer processing facilities and operations in a single (centralized) place. Compare decentralized processing, distri-buted processing.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:41 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(81次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

central office

n. In communications, the switching center where interconnections between customers' communications lines are made.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:41 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(77次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

central processing unit

n. See CPU.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:40 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(83次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

central office exchange service

n. See Centrex.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:40 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(103次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Centronics parallel interface

n. A de facto standard for parallel data exchange paths between computers and peripherals, originally developed by the printer manufacturer Centronics, Inc. The Centronics parallel interface provides eight parallel data lines plus additional lines for control and status information. See also parallel interface.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:39 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(84次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Centrex

n. An option offered by some phone companies in which up-to-date phone facilities are available to business customers, giving the customer access to a complete range of phone services without having to purchase or maintain the necessary equipment. Customers can purchase just the lines and services they will use. The name central office exchange refers to the fact that the phone facilities for Centrex services, particularly switching services, are generally maintained at the offices of the local or central phone company. Since Centrex offers a wider range of services, it is replacing PBX for businesses. See also switching. Compare PBX.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:39 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(103次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CERN server

n. One of the first Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) servers, developed at CERN by Tim Berners-Lee. The CERN server is still in wide use and is free of charge. See also CERN, HTTP server (definition 1).

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:11 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(91次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CERN

n. Acronym for Conseil Européen pour la Recherche Nucléaire (the European Laboratory for Particle Physics). CERN, a physics research center located in Geneva, Switzerland, is where the original development of the World Wide Web took place by Tim Berners-Lee in 1989 as a method to facilitate communication among members of the scientific community. See also NCSA (definition 1).

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:11 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(92次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

certificate

n. A certificate is sent when a message is digitally signed. The certificate proves the sender's identity and supplies the recipient with a public key with which to decrypt the sender's encrypted messages. Also called: digital certificate.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:10 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(110次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CERT

n. Acronym for Computer Emergency Response Team. An organization that provides a round-the-clock security consultation service for Internet users and provides advisories whenever new virus programs and other computer security threats are discovered.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:10 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(105次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Certificate in Computer Programming

n. See CCP.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:09 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(85次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Certificate in Data Processing

n. See CDP.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:09 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(92次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

certificate authority

n. An issuer of digital certificates, the cyberspace equivalent of identity cards. A certificate authority may be an external issuing company (such as VeriSign) or an internal company authority that has installed its own server (such as the Microsoft Certificate Server) for issuing and verifying certificates. A certificate authority is responsible for providing and assigning the unique strings of numbers that make up the “keys” used in digital certificates for authentication and to encrypt and decrypt sensitive or confidential incoming and outgoing online information. Acronym: CA. See also digital certificate, encryption.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:09 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(105次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

certificate revocation list

n. A document maintained and published by a certification authority that lists certificates that have been revoked. Acronym: CRL. See also certificate, certification authority.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:08 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(85次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

certificate trust list

n. A signed list of root certification authority certificates that an administrator considers reputable for designated purposes, such as client authentication or secure e-mail. Acronym: CTL. See also certificate, certificate authority, root certificate.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:07 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(75次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

certification

n. 1. The act of awarding a document to demonstrate a computer professional's competence in a particular field. Some hardware and software suppliers, such as Microsoft and Novell, offer certification in the use of their products; other organizations, such as the Institute for Certification of Computer Professionals (ICCP) and the Computing Technology Industry Association (CompTIA), offer more general certification. 2. The act of awarding a document to demonstrate that a hardware or software product meets some specification, such as being able to work with a certain other hardware or software product. 3. The issuance of a notice that a user or site is trusted for the purpose of security and computer authentication. Often certification is used with Web sites.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:05 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(92次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

certification authority

n. An organization that assigns encryption keys. See also certificate authority.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:05 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(86次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CFML

n. Acronym for Cold Fusion Markup Language. A programming environment and proprietary, tag-based markup language for server-side processing.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:05 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(80次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CGA

n. Acronym for Color/Graphics Adapter. A video adapter board introduced by IBM in 1981. The CGA is capable of several character and graphics modes, including character modes of 40 or 80 horizontal characters (columns) by 25 vertical lines with 16 colors, and graphics modes of 640 horizontal pixels by 200 vertical pixels with 2 colors, or 320 horizontal pixels by 200 vertical pixels with 4 colors. See also graphics adapter, video adapter.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:04 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(80次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CGI

n. 1. Acronym for Common Gateway Interface. The specification that defines communications between information servers (such as HTTP servers) and resources on the server's host computer, such as databases and other programs. For example, when a user submits a form through a Web browser, the HTTP server executes a program (often called a CGI script) and passes the user's input information to that program via CGI. The program then returns information to the server via CGI. Use of CGI can make a Web page much more dynamic and add interactivity for the user. See also CGI script, HTTP server (definition 1). 2. See Computer Graphics Interface.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:04 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(92次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

cgi-bin

n. Short for Common Gateway Interface-binaries. A file directory that holds external applications to be executed by HTTP servers via CGI. See also CGI (definition 1).

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:04 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(94次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CGI script

n. Short for Common Gateway Interface script. An external application that is executed by an HTTP server machine in response to a request by a client, such as a Web browser. Generally, the CGI script is invoked when the user clicks on some element in a Web page, such as a link or an image. Communication between the CGI script and the server is carried out via the CGI specification. CGI scripts can be written in many programming languages, including C, C++, and Visual Basic. However, the most commonly used language for CGI scripts is Perl because it is a small but robust language and it is common on UNIX, which is the platform on which the majority of Web sites run. CGI scripts don't necessarily need to be scripts; they can also be batch programs or compiled programs. CGI scripts are used to provide interactivity on a Web page, including such features as providing a form that users can fill out, image maps that contain links to other Web pages or resources, and links that users can click on to send e-mail to a specified address. ActiveX controls and Java applets can provide much the same functionality as CGI scripts, through different means. See also CGI (definition 1), cgi-bin, image map, Perl. Compare ActiveX control, Java applet.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:03 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(96次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CGM

n. See Computer Graphics Metafile.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:03 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(117次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CGI program

n. See CGI script.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:03 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(98次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

chad

n. The paper removed when a hole is punched in a card, in a tape, or at the perforated edge of continuous-form paper—the computer equivalent of a doughnut hole.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:02 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(93次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

chaining

n. 1. In computers, the linking of two or more entities so that they are dependent upon one another for operation. 2. In programming, the linking of two or more programs so that the first program causes the second program to begin executing. 3. In programming, linking program statements so that each statement, except for the first, relies on the previous statement for input. 4. With batch files, linking two or more batch files so that the completion of the first batch file causes the second batch file to begin executing. 5. With data storage, linking two or more individual units of storage. For example, a single file on a disk may actually be stored on several different sectors of the disk, each of which points to the next sector containing a piece of that file. These sectors are said to be chained together, or, more literally, to be a chain of clusters. 6. See daisy chaining.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:02 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(100次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

chain printer

n. See line printer.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:02 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(91次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

chalkware

n. See vaporware.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:01 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(94次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol

n. An authentication scheme used by PPP servers to validate the identity of the originator of a connection, upon connection or any time later. Acronym: CHAP. See also authentication, PPP.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:01 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(77次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

change directory

n. See cd.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:01 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(78次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

change file

n. A file that records transactional changes occurring in a database, providing a basis for updating a master file and establishing an audit trail. Also called: transaction log. See also addition record.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:00 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(109次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

change management

n. 1. The process of tracking and controlling updates, revisions, and other changes to a hardware or software product or project. 2. The process of managing change during a company's restructuring or reengineering.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 01:00 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(84次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

channel

n. 1. A path or link through which information passes between two devices. A channel can be either internal or external to a microcomputer. 2. In communications, a medium for transferring information. Depending on its type, a communications channel can carry information (data, sound, and/or video) in either analog or digital form. A communications channel can be a physical link, such as the cable connecting two stations in a network, or it can consist of some electromagnetic transmission on one or more frequencies within a bandwidth in the electromagnetic spectrum, as in radio and television, or in optical, microwave, or voice-grade communication. Also called: circuit, line. See also analog, band, bandwidth, digital, electromagnetic spectrum, frequency. 3. A single color within a digital color space. For example, the RGB color space contains three channels—red, green, and blue—and all colors within the RGB color space are created with a combination of one or more of those three color channels. In CMYK there are four channels—cyan, magenta, yellow, and black. Color management and graphics applications rely on control and manipulation of individual color channels. See also color space.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 00:55 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(102次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

channel adapter

n. A device that enables hardware using two different types of communications channels to communicate.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 00:54 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(79次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

channel aggregator

n. See content aggregator.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 00:54 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(74次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

channel access

n. 1. A method used in networked systems to gain access to the data communication channel that links two or more computers. Common methods of channel access are contention, polling, and the token ring network. See also channel, contention, polling, token ring network. 2. In wireless technology, an access method such as CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access). See also Code Division Multiple Access.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 00:54 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(94次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

channel aggregator

n. See content aggregator.

tang2049 发表于:2006.09.01 00:00 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(82次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

2006 年 08 月 31日, 星期四

channel capacity

n. The speed at which a communications channel can transfer information, measured in bits per second (bps) or in baud.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 23:59 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(88次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Channel Definition Format

n. A file format based on XML that describes a channel—a collection of Web pages—on a server. The Channel Definition Format is used with the Active Channel feature in Microsoft Internet Explorer to deliver selected, often personalized, information to individuals on a subscription basis. See also Active Channel, webcasting.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 23:59 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(94次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

channel hop

vb. To switch repeatedly from one IRC channel to another. See also IRC.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 23:59 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(84次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

channel op

n. Short for channel operator. A user on an IRC channel who has the privilege of expelling undesirable participants. See also IRC.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 23:58 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(97次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

channel operator

n. See channel op.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 23:58 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(103次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CHAP

n. See Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 23:57 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(89次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Channel Service Unit

n. See DDS.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 23:57 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(105次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

character cell

n. A rectangular block of pixels that represents the space in which a given character is drawn on the screen. Computer displays use different numbers of pixels as character cells. Character cells are not always the same size for a given font, however; for proportionally spaced fonts, such as those commonly displayed on the Apple Macintosh, the height within a given font remains the same, but the width varies with each character.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 23:56 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(97次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

character code

n. A specific code that represents a particular character in a set, such as the ASCII character set. The character code for a given key depends on whether another key, such as Shift, is pressed at the same time. For example, pressing the A key alone normally generates the character code for a lowercase a. Pressing Shift plus the A key normally generates the character code for an uppercase A. Compare key code.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 23:56 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(97次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

character

n. A letter, number, punctuation mark, or other symbol or control code that is represented to a computer by one unit—1 byte—of information. A character is not necessarily visible, either on the screen or on paper; a space, for example, is as much a character as is the letter a or any of the digits 0 through 9. Because computers must manage not only so-called printable characters but also the look (formatting) and transfer of electronically stored information, a character can additionally indicate a carriage return or a paragraph mark in a word-processed document. It can be a signal to sound a beep, begin a new page, or mark the end of a file. See also ASCII, control character, EBCDIC.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 23:56 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(101次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

character density

n. In printing or screen display, a measure of the number of characters per unit of area or of linear distance. See also pitch (definition 1).

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 23:55 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(112次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

character device

n. 1. A computer device, such as a keyboard or printer, that receives or transmits information as a stream of characters, one character at a time. The characters can be transferred either bit by bit (serial transmission) or byte by byte (parallel transmission) but are not moved from place to place in blocks (groups of bytes). Compare block device. 2. In reference to video displays, a device that handles text but not graphics. See also text mode.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 23:55 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(86次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

character definition table

n. A table of patterns that a computer can hold in memory and use as a reference for determining the arrangement of dots used to create and display bitmapped characters on the screen. See also bitmapped font.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 23:55 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(103次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

character entity

n. In HTML and SGML, the notation for a special character. A character entity begins with an & (ampersand), followed by either a string of letters or of numbers, and ends with a semicolon. The special characters represented by character entities include acute and grave accents, the tilde, and Greek letters, among others. Also called: named entity.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 23:54 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(100次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

character generator

n. A program or a hardware device that translates a given character code, such as an ASCII code, into a matching pixel pattern for display on the screen. Such devices are typically limited in the number and range of styles of fonts they support, as compared to machines that support bitmapped characters. Compare bitmapped font.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 23:54 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(82次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

character image

n. A set of bits arranged in the shape of a character. Each character image exists within a rectangular grid, or character rectangle, that defines its height and width. See also bitmapped font.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 23:54 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(101次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

characteristic

n. In mathematics, the exponent of a floating-point number (the portion following the E that indicates the position of the decimal point) or the integer portion of a logarithm. See also floating-point notation, logarithm.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 23:47 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(94次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

character map

n. In text-based computer graphics, a block of memory addresses that correspond to character spaces on a display screen. The memory allocated to each character space is used to hold the description of the character to be displayed in that space. See also alphageometric.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 23:46 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(100次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

character mode

n. See text mode.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 23:46 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(84次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

character-oriented protocol

n. See byte-oriented protocol.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 23:45 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(92次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

character printer

n. 1. A printer that operates by printing one character at a time, such as a standard dot-matrix printer or a daisy-wheel printer. Compare line printer, page printer. 2. A printer that cannot print graphics, such as a daisy-wheel printer or even a dot-matrix or laser printer that lacks a graphics mode. Such a printer simply receives character codes from the controlling system and prints the appropriate characters. Compare graphics printer.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 23:45 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(84次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

character recognition

n. The process of applying pattern-matching methods to character shapes that have been read into a computer to determine which alphanumeric characters or punctuation marks the shapes represent. Because different typefaces and text treatments, such as bold and italic, can make big differences in the way characters are shaped, character recognition can be prone to error. Some systems work only with known typefaces and sizes, with no text treatments. These systems achieve very high accuracy levels, but they can work only with text specifically printed for them. Other systems use extremely sophisticated pattern-matching techniques to learn new typefaces and sizes, achieving fairly good accuracy. See also magnetic-ink character recognition, optical character recognition, pattern recognition (definition 1).

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 23:44 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(97次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

character set

n. A grouping of alphabetic, numeric, and other characters that have some relationship in common. For example, the standard ASCII character set includes letters, numbers, symbols, and control codes that make up the ASCII coding scheme.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 23:43 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(85次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

character rectangle

n. The space taken up by the graphical representation (bit map) of a character. See the illustration. See also bit map.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 23:43 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(109次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

characters per second

n. 1. A measure of the speed of a nonlaser printer, such as a dot-matrix or an ink-jet printer. 2. A measure of the rate at which a device, such as a disk drive, can transfer data. In serial communications, the speed of a modem in bits per second can generally be divided by 10 for a rough determination of the number of characters per second transmitted. Acronym: CPS.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 23:42 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(105次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

characters per inch

n. A measurement for the number of characters of a particular size and font that can fit into a line one inch long. This number is affected by two attributes of the type: its point size and the width of the letters in the particular font being measured. In monospace fonts, characters have a constant width; in proportional fonts, characters have varying widths. Thus, measurements of the number of characters per inch must be averaged. Acronym: cpi. See also monospace font, pitch (definition 1), proportional font.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 23:42 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(97次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

character style

n. Any attribute, such as boldface, italic, underline, or small caps, applied to a character. Depending on the operating system or program considered, the range of character styles of text might or might not include the font, which refers to the design of a group of characters in a given size. See also font family.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 23:41 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(103次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

character string

n. A set of characters treated as a unit and interpreted by a computer as text rather than numbers. A character string can contain any sequence of elements from a given character set, such as letters, numbers, control characters, and extended ASCII characters. Also called: string. See also ASCII, control character, extended ASCII.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 23:41 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(103次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

charge

n. A property of subatomic particles, which can have either a negative charge or a positive charge. In electronics, a charge consists of either an excess of electrons (a negative charge) or a deficiency of electrons (a positive charge). The unit of charge is the coulomb, which corresponds to 6.26 x 1018 electrons.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 23:40 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(104次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

character user interface

n. A user interface that displays only text characters. Acronym: CUI. See also user interface. Compare graphical user interface.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 23:40 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(95次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

charge-coupled device

n. A device in which individual semiconductor components are connected so that the electrical charge at the output of one device provides the input to the next. The light-detecting component of digital cameras and many video cameras is a charge-coupled device. Acronym: CCD.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 23:39 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(108次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

chart

n. A graphic or diagram that displays data or the relationships between sets of data in pictorial rather than numeric form.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 23:39 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(96次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

chat1

n. 1. Real-time conversation via computer. When a participant types a line of text and then presses the Enter key, that participant's words appear on the screens of the other participants, who can then respond in kind. Most online services support chat; on the Internet, IRC is the usual system. See also IRC. 2. An Internet utility program that supports chat. IRC has largely superseded it.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 23:37 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(100次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

chassis

n. A metal frame on which electronic components, such as printed circuit boards, fans, and power supplies, are mounted. See the illustration.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 23:37 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(105次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

chat2

vb. To carry on a real-time conversation with other users by computer. See also IRC.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 23:37 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(95次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

chat room

n. The informal term for a data communication channel that links computers and permits users to “converse” by sending text messages to one another in real time. Similar to the channels provided by IRC (Internet Relay Chat), chat rooms are available through online services and some electronic bulletin board systems (BBSs). Chat rooms are often devoted to a particular subject or are conducted on a certain schedule. See also BBS, chat, IRC, room.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 23:36 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(110次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Cheapernet

n. See 10Base2.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 23:35 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(88次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

cheat code

n. In computer games, a secret keyboard sequence or code that gives a player an advantage in the game. For example, cheat codes often confer more ammunition, lives, or the ability to fly or walk through obstacles. See also adventure games, computer games.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 01:17 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(107次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

check bit

n. One of a set of bits that are added to a data message at its origin and scrutinized by the receiving process to determine whether an error has occurred during transmission. The simplest example is a parity bit. See also data integrity, parity bit.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 01:16 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(124次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

check digit

n. A digit added to an account number or other identifying key value and then recomputed when the number is used. This process determines whether an error occurred when the number was entered. See also checksum.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 01:15 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(127次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

check box

n. An interactive control often found in graphical user interfaces. Check boxes are used to enable or disable one or more features or options from a set. When an option is selected, an x or a check mark appears in the box. See also control (definition 2). Compare radio button.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 01:15 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(115次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

checkpoint

n. 1. A processing juncture at which the normal operation of a program or system is momentarily suspended in order to determine its environmental status. 2. A file containing information that describes the state of the system (the environment) at a particular time.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 01:14 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(118次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Cheese worm

n. An Internet worm that patches security holes created by the Lion worm. The Cheese worm searches out and infects Linux-based systems that were previously compromised by the Lion worm, repairing vulnerabilities and closing a back door left by the earlier infection. It then uses the healed computer to scan for other vulnerable computers connected to the Internet and sends itself to them.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 01:13 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(98次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

checksum

n. A calculated value that is used to test data for the presence of errors that can occur when data is transmitted or when it is written to disk. The checksum is calculated for a given chunk of data by sequentially combining all the bytes of data with a series of arithmetic or logical operations. After the data is transmitted or stored, a new checksum is calculated in the same way using the (possibly faulty) transmitted or stored data. If the two checksums do not match, an error has occurred and the data should be transmitted or stored again. Checksums cannot detect all errors, and they cannot be used to correct erroneous data. See also error-correction coding.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 01:13 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(115次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Chernobyl packet

n. A form of network attack in which a data packet sent by a hacker activates every available option for the protocol in use on the receiving system. The Chernobyl packet will cause a packet storm that will eventually overload and crash the network. Also called: kamikaze packet.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 01:10 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(126次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Chernobyl virus

n. See CIH virus.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 01:09 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(105次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

child

n. 1. A process initiated by another process (the parent). This initiating action is frequently called a fork. The parent process often sleeps (is suspended) until the child process stops executing. 2. In a tree structure, the relationship of a node to its immediate predecessor. See also generation (definition 2), tree structure.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 01:08 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(123次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

child directory

n. See subdirectory.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 01:08 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(117次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

child menu

n. See submenu.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 01:08 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(103次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

chiclet keyboard

n. A microcomputer keyboard used on the first version of the IBM PCjr home computer. Chiclet keys are small and square, resembling the chewing gum pieces, and they act like pushbuttons, without the resistance and clear feedback of traditional keys. They are also much smaller and typically are spread out, so touch typing is more difficult than on a conventional keyboard.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 01:08 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(120次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

child process

n. See child (definition 1).

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 01:07 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(103次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

chimes of doom

n. In Macintosh computers, a series of chimes that sound as a result of serious system failure.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 01:06 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(136次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

chip

n. See integrated circuit.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 01:06 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(94次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Children's Online Privacy Protection Act

n. See COPPA.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 01:06 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(113次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

chip card

n. See smart card.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 01:05 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(100次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

choke

n. See inductor.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 01:04 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(92次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

choose

vb. To pick a command or an option from within a graphical user interface, as by clicking a button in a dialog box or pulling down a menu and then releasing the mouse button on one of its options. Although select is often used instead of choose to describe the same action, choose is the preferred term because select has specific connotations within computing. See also select.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 01:04 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(99次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

chip set or chipset

n. A collection of chips designed to function as a unit in the performance of some common task. The term is most commonly used to refer to the set of integrated circuits, such as the programmable interrupt controller, that support a CPU together with the CPU itself. Often a chip set will fit on one chip. See also CPU, integrated circuit, programmable interrupt controller.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 01:04 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(100次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Chooser

n. On the Apple Macintosh, a desk accessory that allows the user to select a printer or a device on a network, such as a file server or a printer.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 01:03 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(81次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Chooser extension

n. A program that adds items to the Macintosh Chooser desk accessory. At system startup, Chooser adds to its menu of options from the extensions available in the system extensions folder. For example, if you want to use a particular printer with your Mac OS, you must have the right Chooser extension for that printer in the extensions folder when the computer is turned on. See also Chooser, extension (definition 4).

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 01:01 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(100次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

chroma

n. The quality of a color that combines hue and saturation. See also hue, saturation.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 01:01 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(99次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CHRP

n. See Common Hardware Reference Platform.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 01:01 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(97次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

churn rate

n. The rate of customer subscription turnover. In beeper, cell phone, and online businesses, it is common for customers to drop their monthly subscriptions, creating a churn rate as high as 2 or 3 percent per month. High churn rates are costly to companies because attracting new subscribers through advertising and promotion is expensive.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:58 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(98次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CIFS

n. See Common Internet File System.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:57 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(91次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CIH virus

n. A highly destructive virus that first appeared in early 1998. When activated, the CIH virus code will attempt to overwrite the flash BIOS of infected machines, rendering the computer unbootable. The CIH virus is also known as the Chernobyl virus because in its original form it was set to activate on the anniversary of the Chernobyl nuclear accident. Although the CIH virus lacks stealth or sophisticated replication capabilities and is easily detected by current virus security programs, it continues to appear regularly. Also called: Chernobyl virus. See also virus.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:57 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(97次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CIDR

n. See classless interdomain routing.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:57 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(88次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CIM

n. 1. Acronym for Common Information Model. A conceptual specification supported by the Desktop Management Task Force (DMTF) for applying an object-oriented, Web-based model to describing management data in an enterprise network. Part of the DMTF's Web-Based Enterprise Management initiative, CIM is a system-independent and application-independent common framework for describing and sharing management information. It is based on a three-tiered model based on schemas—sets of classes: the Core Schema covers all areas of management; Common Schemas cover specific management areas, such as networks, applications, and devices; and Extension Schemas cover specific technologies, such as operating systems and applications. CIM is supported by a number of industry vendors, including Sun, IBM, Microsoft, and Cisco. See also DMTF, WBEM. 2. Acronym for computer-integrated manufacturing. The use of computers, communication lines, and specialized software to automate both the managerial functions and the operational activities involved in the manufacturing process. A common database is used in all aspects of the process, from design through assembly, accounting, and resource management. Advanced CIM systems integrate computer-aided design and engineering (CAD/CAE), material requirements planning (MRP), and robotic assembly control to provide “paperless” management of the entire manufacturing process. 3. Acronym for computer-input microfilm. A process in which information stored on microfilm is scanned and the data (both text and graphics) converted into codes that can be used and manipulated by a computer. Computer-input microfilm is similar to processes such as optical character recognition, in which images on paper are scanned and converted to text or graphics. Compare COM (definition 4).

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:56 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(103次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CIP

n. 1. Short for Commerce Interchange Pipeline. A Microsoft technology that provides for secure routing of business data between applications over a public network such as the Internet. CIP is independent of data format and supports encryption and digital signatures, as well as various transport protocols including SMTP, HTTP, DCOM, and EDI value-added networks. Typically, data such as invoices and purchase orders travel over a network through a transmit pipeline and are read from the network by a receive pipeline that decodes and prepares the data for the receiving application. 2. Short for Common Indexing Protocol. A protocol defined by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) for enabling servers to share indexing information. CIP was developed to provide servers with a standard means of sharing information about the contents of their databases. With such sharing, a server unable to resolve a particular query would be able to route the query to other servers that might contain the desired information—for example, to find the e-mail address of a particular user on the Web.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:56 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(98次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

cipher

n. 1. A code. 2. An encoded character. 3. A zero.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:55 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(100次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

ciphertext

n. The scrambled or otherwise encoded text of an encrypted message. See also encryption.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:55 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(101次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

circuit analyzer

n. Any device for measuring one or more characteristics of an electrical circuit. Voltage, current, and resistance are the characteristics most commonly measured. Oscilloscopes are circuit analyzers.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:54 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(101次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

circuit board

n. A flat piece of insulating material, such as epoxy or phenolic resin, on which electrical components are mounted and interconnected to form a circuit. Most modern circuit boards use patterns of copper foil to interconnect the components. The foil layers may be on one or both sides of the board and, in more advanced designs, in several layers within the board. A printed circuit board is one in which the pattern of copper foil is laid down by a printing process such as photolithography. See the illustration. See also board, printed circuit board.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:54 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(122次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

circuit

n. 1. Any path that can carry electrical current. 2. A combination of electrical components interconnected to perform a particular task. At one level, a computer consists of a single circuit; at another, it consists of hundreds of interconnected circuits.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:54 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(103次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

circuit breaker

n. A switch that opens and cuts off the flow of current when the current exceeds a certain level. Circuit breakers are placed at critical points in circuits to protect against damage that could result from excessive current flow, which is typically caused by component failure. Circuit breakers are often used in place of fuses because they need only to be reset rather than replaced. Compare surge protector.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:53 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(118次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

circuit card

n. See circuit board.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:53 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(107次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Circuit Data Services

n. A GTE service that uses circuit switching technology to provide fast data transfer using a laptop computer and cellular telephone. Acronym: CDS. See also circuit switching.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:53 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(121次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

circuit-switched data

n. An ISDN option that can be specified for B (bearer) channels that enables an ISDN user to transmit digital data over the channel at 64 Kbps along a point-to-point, dedicated connection for the duration of a call. Acronym: CSD. See also alternate circuit-switched voice/circuit-switched data, B channel, ISDN. Compare circuit-switched voice.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:52 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(116次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

circuit switching

n. A method of opening communications lines, as through the telephone system, by creating a physical link between the initiating and receiving parties. In circuit switching, the connection is made at a switching center, which physically connects the two parties and maintains an open line between them for as long as needed. Circuit switching is typically used on the dial-up telephone network, and it is also used on a smaller scale in privately maintained communications networks. Unlike other methods of transmission, such as packet switching, it requires the link to be established before any communication can take place. Compare message switching, packet switching.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:51 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(97次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

circular list

n. A linked or chained list in which processing continues through all items, as in a ring, and returns to the starting point, no matter where that point is located in the list. See also linked list.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:51 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(110次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

circuit-switched voice

n. An ISDN option that can be specified for B (bearer) channels that uses the channel to set up a point-to-point, dedicated connection for the digital transmission of voice communications for the duration of a call. Acronym: CSV. See also alternate circuit-switched voice/circuit-switched data, B channel, ISDN. Compare circuit-switched data.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:51 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(86次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CIS

n. 1. Acronym for CompuServe Information Service See CompuServe. 2. Short for contact image sensor. A light-sensitive mechanism used in scanners and fax machines. A CIS scanner reflects light from a row of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) onto a document or other object and converts the reflected light to digital images. CIS sensors are smaller and lighter than the charge-coupled devices (CCDs) traditionally used in scanners, but the image quality they produce is not as good as the image quality produced by CCDs. See also light-emitting diode, scanner. Compare charge-coupled device.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:50 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(104次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CISC

n. Acronym for complex instruction set computing. The implementation of complex instructions in a microprocessor design so that they can be invoked at the assembly language level. The instructions can be very powerful, allowing for complicated and flexible ways of calculating such elements as memory addresses. All this complexity, however, usually requires many clock cycles to execute each instruction. Compare RISC.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:50 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(87次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CIX

n. See Commercial Internet Exchange.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:49 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(93次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CKO

n. Acronym for Chief Knowledge Officer. A corporate executive in charge of management and distribution of all the business and technical knowledge of a company. The CKO maximizes the value of stored knowledge by ensuring that employees have access, and by avoiding knowledge loss caused by technology-based changes and upgrades in databases and other storage.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:49 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(108次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

ClariNet

n. A commercial service that distributes news articles from United Press International (UPI) and other news agencies in newsgroups that are part of the clari. hierarchy. Unlike most other newsgroups, access to the clari. newsgroups is restricted to Internet service providers who pay a subscription fee to ClariNet.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:48 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(91次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

clari. newsgroups

n. Internet newsgroups maintained by ClariNet Communications, Inc. ClariNet newsgroups contain news articles obtained from the Reuters and United Press International wire services, SportsTicker, Commerce Business Daily, and other sources. Unlike most other newsgroups, ClariNet groups are only accessible through Internet service providers who purchase the service. See also ClariNet, ISP, newsgroup.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:48 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(102次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

ClarisWorks

n. See AppleWorks.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:47 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(109次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

class

n. 1. In object-oriented programming, a generalized category that describes a group of more specific items, called objects, that can exist within it. A class is a descriptive tool used in a program to define a set of attributes or a set of services (actions available to other parts of the program) that characterize any member (object) of the class. Program classes are comparable in concept to the categories that people use to organize information about their world, such as animal, vegetable, and mineral, that define the types of entities they include and the ways those entities behave. The definition of classes in object-oriented programming is comparable to the definition of types in languages such as C and Pascal. See also object-oriented programming. 2. For hardware, the method for grouping particular types of devices and buses according to the basic ways that they can be installed and managed by the operating system. The hardware tree is organized by device class, and Windows uses class installers to install drivers for all hardware classes.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:47 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(121次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Class A IP address

n. A unicast IP address that ranges from 1.0.0.1 through 126.255.255.254. The first octet indicates the network, and the last three octets indicate the host on the network. See also Class B IP address, Class C IP address, IP address classes.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:47 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(108次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Class B IP address

n. A unicast IP address that ranges from 128.0.0.1 through 191.255.255.254. The first two octets indicate the network, and the last two octets indicate the host on the network. See also Class A IP address, Class C IP address, IP address classes.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:46 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(95次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Class C IP address

n. A unicast IP address that ranges from 192.0.0.1 to 223.255.255.254. The first three octets indicate the network, and the last octet indicates the host on the network. See also Class A IP address, Class B IP address, IP address classes.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:46 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(93次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Class A network

n. An Internet network that can define a maximum of 16,777,215 hosts. Class A networks use the first byte of an IP address to designate the network, with the first (high-order) bit set to 0. The host is designated by the last 3 bytes. Class A addressing currently allows for a maximum of 128 networks. Class A networks are best suited for sites with few networks but numerous hosts and are usually designated for use by large government or educational institutions. See also host, IP address.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:46 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(104次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Classic

n. An environment within Mac OS X that allows a user to run legacy software. Classic emulates the earlier Macintosh operating system chosen by the user and provides support for programs that aren't compatible with Mac OS X architecture. See also Carbon, Cocoa, Mac OS X.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:45 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(121次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

classless interdomain routing

n. An address scheme that uses aggregation strategies to minimize the size of top-level Internet routing tables. Routes are grouped with the objective of minimizing the quantity of information carried by core routers. The main requirement for this scheme is the use of routing protocols that support it, such as Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) version 4 and RIP version 2. Acronym: CIDR. See also Border Gateway Protocol, communications protocol, RIP, router, supernetting.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:45 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(100次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

classful IP addressing

n. An IP addressing scheme where IP addresses are organized into classes: Class A, Class B, and Class C. See also IP address classes.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:45 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(81次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

class library

n. A collection of standard routines and sub-programs that a programmer can use in object-oriented programs. A typical class library for a graphical user interface might include routines for buttons and scroll bars; or a class library for a communications program might include a routine for dialing a telephone line through a modem. See also class, object-oriented programming.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:43 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(92次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

clean boot

n. Booting or starting a computer using the minimum system files in the operating system. The clean boot is used as a troubleshooting method for isolating problems associated with software that may be calling on the same system resources at the same time, causing conflicts that lower the performance of the system, make some programs inoperable, or crash the computer. See also boot1, crash1 (definition 1), operating system.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:42 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(98次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

classpath

n. In Java programming, a classpath is an environmental variable that tells the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) and Java programs where to find class libraries, including user-defined class libraries. See also class, class library, Java Virtual Machine.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:42 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(88次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

clean interface

n. A user interface with simple features and intuitive commands. See also user interface.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:41 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(123次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

clean room

n. A room in which dust and other small particles are filtered from the air and in which protective clothing is worn to avoid contaminating electronic components and other delicate, sensitive equipment.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:41 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(121次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

clean install

n. Reinstallation of software in a manner that ensures that no application or system files from a previous installation will remain. The procedure prevents smart installer programs from skipping file installations where a file already exists, which could potentially keep a problem from being removed.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:41 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(119次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Clear key

n. A key in the upper left corner of the numeric keypad on some keyboards. In many applications, it clears the currently selected menu choice or deletes the current selection. See the illustration.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:40 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(100次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Clear To Send

n. See CTS.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:39 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(89次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

clear memory

vb. A process that erases all data stored in RAM.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:39 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(92次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CLEC

n. Acronym for Competitive Local Exchange Carrier. A company that sells access to the public switched telephone network, or other last mile network connections, in competition with a traditional telephone company. See also ILEC, last mile.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:38 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(143次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

click

vb. To press and release a mouse button once without moving the mouse. Clicking is usually performed to select or deselect an item or to activate a program or program feature. See also right click. Compare double-click, drag.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:38 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(120次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

ClearType

n. A Microsoft font technology that improves the resolution of text on LCD displays, such as those used on laptop computers. ClearType technology uses proprietary signal processing and the properties of LCD displays to produce clearer, more detailed characters and spacing, and thus significantly increase readability.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:38 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(89次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

click rate

n. See clickthrough rate.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:37 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(93次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

clicks and mortar

n. A business that combines an online presence with traditional “bricks and mortar” outlets.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:37 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(94次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

clickable maps

n. See image map.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:37 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(96次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

clickstream

n. The path a user takes while browsing a Web site. Each distinct selection made on a Web page adds one click to the stream. The further down the clickstream the user goes without finding the sought item, the more likely he or she is to depart to another Web site. Analysis of usage patterns helps Web site designers create user-friendly site structures, links, and search facilities. See also Web site.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:36 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(97次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

clickthrough

n. The number of times that visitors to a Web site click on an advertising banner within a specified period of time. Clickthrough is one of the elements that Web site producers use to decide how much to charge advertisers. See also clickthrough rate.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:36 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(104次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

click speed

n. The maximum interval between the first and second time a user presses a button on a mouse or other pointing device that will still identify these actions as a double-click to the computer as opposed to two single-clicks. See also double-click, mouse, pointing device.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:36 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(98次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

clickwrap agreement

n. A contract or license in software or on a Web site that sets forth conditions for use of the software or for goods and services distributed through the Web site. Users must agree to the terms in a clickwrap agreement—typically by clicking on a button that states “I Agree” or “Agree”—before they can install the software or utilize goods or services. A clickwrap agreement is an electronic version of an End-User License Agreement. Also called: clickwrap license. See also End-User License Agreement. Compare shrinkwrap agreement.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:35 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(102次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

clickwrap license

n. See clickwrap agreement.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:35 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(91次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

clickthrough rate

n. The proportion of visitors to a Web site who click on a banner advertisement there, expressed as a percentage of total visitors to the Web site. Also called: click rate. See also clickthrough.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:35 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(123次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

client error

n. A problem reported by the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) client module as the result of difficulty in interpreting a command or the inability to connect properly to a remote host.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:34 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(97次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

client

n. 1. In object-oriented programming, a member of a class (group) that uses the services of another class to which it is not related. See also inheritance (definition 1). 2. A process, such as a program or task, that requests a service provided by another program—for example, a word processor that calls on a sort routine built into another program. The client process uses the requested service without having to “know” any working details about the other program or the service itself. Compare child (definition 1), descendant (definition 2). 3. On a local area network or the Internet, a computer that accesses shared network resources provided by another computer (called a server). See also client/server architecture, server.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:34 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(125次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

client/server network

n. See client/server architecture.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:33 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(91次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

client/server architecture

n. An arrangement used on LANs (local area networks) that makes use of distributed intelligence to treat both the server and the individual workstations as intelligent, programmable devices, thus exploiting the full computing power of each. This is done by splitting the processing of an application between two distinct components: a “front-end” client and a “back-end” server. The client component is a complete, stand-alone personal computer (not a “dumb” terminal), and it offers the user its full range of power and features for running applications. The server component can be a personal computer, a minicomputer, or a mainframe that provides the traditional strengths offered by minicomputers and mainframes in a time-sharing environment: data management, information sharing between clients, and sophisticated network administration and security features. The client and server machines work together to accomplish the processing of the application being used. Not only does this increase the processing power available over older architectures but it also uses that power more efficiently. The client portion of the application is typically optimized for user interaction, whereas the server portion provides the centralized, multiuser functionality. See also distributed intelligence. Compare peer-to-peer network.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:33 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(104次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

client-side image maps

n. An image map that performs the processing completely within the client program (i.e., Web browser) itself. Early Web implementations of image maps (circa 1993) transmitted user mouse click coordinates to the Web server for processing. Generally client-side image maps improve the speed of response to the user. See also image map.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:09 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(101次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

client-side program

n. On the Internet, a program that is run on a client computer rather than on a server computer.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:08 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(79次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

clip

vb. 1. To cut off the portion of a displayed image that lies beyond a certain boundary, such as the edge of a window. Certain graphics programs also support clipping as a means of masking everything but a certain object so that painting tools, for example, can be applied to the object alone. 2. To cut a photograph, drawing, or other illustration from a clip art collection—either in a book or on a disk. See also clip art. 3. To cut off the peaks of a signal in an electronic circuit.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.31 00:07 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(97次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

2006 年 08 月 30日, 星期三

clip art

n. A collection—either in a book or on a disk—of proprietary or public-domain photographs, diagrams, maps, drawings, and other such graphics that can be “clipped” from the collection and incorporated into other documents.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:39 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(102次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

clipboard

n. 1. A special memory resource maintained by windowing operating systems. The clipboard stores a copy of the last information that was copied or cut. A paste operation passes data from the clipboard to the current program. A clipboard allows information to be transferred from one program to another, provided the second program can read data generated by the first. Data copied using the clipboard is static and will not reflect later changes. See also cut and paste, DDE. Compare scrap. 2. A computer that uses a pen as the primary input device. See also clipboard computer, pen computer.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:39 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(100次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Clipper Chip

n. An integrated circuit that implements the SkipJack algorithm, an encryption algorithm created by the National Security Agency that encrypts 64-bit blocks of data with an 80-bit key. The Clipper Chip is manufactured by the U.S. government to encrypt telephone data. It has the added feature that it can be decrypted by the U.S. government, which has tried unsuccessfully to make the chip compulsory in the United States. See also encryption.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:38 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(99次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

clipping path

n. A polygon or curve that is used to mask an area in a document. Only what is inside the clipping path appears when the document is printed. See also PostScript.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:38 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(88次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

clipboard computer

n. A portable computer whose overall appearance and operation resembles that of a traditional clipboard. A clipboard computer has an LCD or similar flat display and has a pen for user input instead of a keyboard, mouse, or other input device; the user operates the computer by touching the pen to the display. Data entered in a clipboard computer is generally transferred to another computer via a cable or a modem. A clipboard computer is used as a traditional clipboard is used, as in field work, data collection, or meetings. See also pen computer, portable computer.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:38 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(97次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

clip source tag

n. Computer coding tag that locates a streaming digital media image for use on a Web page. The clip source tag includes the pathway to the image, which may be stored on a Web server, a Web site, or on the computer where the Web page is displayed.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:37 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(104次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

clock

n. 1. The electronic circuit in a computer that generates a steady stream of timing pulses—the digital signals that synchronize every operation. The system clock signal is precisely set by a quartz crystal, typically at a specific frequency between 1 and 50 megahertz. The clock rate of a computer is one of the prime determinants of its overall processing speed, and it can go as high as the other components of the computer allow. Also called: system clock. 2. The battery-backed circuit that keeps track of the time and date in a computer—not the same as the system clock. Also called: clock/calendar.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:36 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(110次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

clock/calendar

n. An independent timekeeping circuit used within a microcomputer to maintain the correct time and calendar date. A clock/calendar circuit is battery powered, so it continues running even when the computer is turned off. The time and date kept by the clock/calendar can be used by the operating system (for example, to “stamp” files with the date and time of creation or revision) and by application programs (for example, to insert the date or time in a document). Also called: clock, internal clock.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:36 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(95次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

clobber

vb. To destroy data, generally by inadvertently writing other data over it.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:36 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(91次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

clocking

n. See synchronization (definition 3).

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:35 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(99次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

clockless chip

n. See asynchronous chip.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:35 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(87次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

clock pulse

n. An electronic pulse generated periodically by a crystal oscillator to synchronize the actions of a digital device.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:35 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(82次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

clock doubling

n. A technology employed by some Intel microprocessors that enables the chip to process data and instructions at twice the speed of the rest of the system. See also i486DX2.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:35 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(96次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

clock rate

n. The speed at which the internal clock in an electronic device oscillates. In computers, each tick (oscillation) of the clock is called a cycle, and the clock rate is measured in megahertz, or millions of cycles per second. Also called clock speed, the clock rate determines how quickly the CPU can execute basic instructions, such as adding two numbers, and it is used to synchronize the activities of various components in the system. Between 1981, when the IBM PC was released, and early 2002, typical clock rates for personal computers increased about 1000-fold, from 4.77 MHz to 2 GHz and faster. Also called: clock speed, hertz time. See also clock (definition 1).

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:34 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(115次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

clock speed

n. See clock rate.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:34 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(101次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

clock tick

n. See CPU cycle (definition 2).

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:34 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(105次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

clone2

vb. To copy or replicate the entire contents of a hard disk drive, including the operating system, configuration settings, and programs, by creating an image of the hard disk drive. Hard disk drives are often cloned for batch installation on other computers, particularly those on a network, or for use as backups.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:33 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(90次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

close1

n. An FTP command that instructs the client to close the current connection with a server. See also FTP1 (definition 1), Web site.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:33 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(92次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

clone1

n. A copy; in microcomputer terminology, a look-alike, act-alike computer that contains the same microprocessor and runs the same programs as a better-known, more prestigious, and often more expensive machine.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:33 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(86次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

close box

n. In the Macintosh graphical user interface, a small box in the left corner of a window's title bar. Clicking on the box closes the window. Compare close button.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:32 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(108次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

close button

n. In the graphical user interface for Windows 9x, Windows NT, and the X Window System, a square button in the right corner (left corner in X Windows) of a window's title bar with an x mark on it. Clicking on the button closes the window. Also called: X button. Compare close box.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:32 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(106次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

close2

vb. 1. To end an application's relationship with an open file so that the application will no longer be able to access the file without opening it again. 2. To end a computer's connection with another computer on a network.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:32 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(104次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

closed file

n. A file not being used by an application. An application must open such a file before reading or writing to it and must close it afterward. Compare open file.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:31 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(90次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

closed shop

n. A computer environment in which access to the computer is restricted to programmers and other specialists. Compare open shop.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:31 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(98次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

closed architecture

n. 1. Any computer design whose specifications are not freely available. Such proprietary specifications make it difficult or impossible for third-party vendors to create ancillary devices that work correctly with a closed-architecture machine; usually only its original maker can build peripherals and add-ons for such a machine. Compare open architecture (definition 1). 2. A computer system that provides no expansion slots for adding new types of circuit boards within the system unit. The original Apple Macintosh was an example of a closed architecture. Compare open architecture (definition 2).

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:31 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(109次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

closed system

n. See closed architecture (definition 2).

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:30 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(89次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

cloth ribbon

n. An inked ribbon generally used with impact printers and typewriters. The print element strikes the ribbon and drives it against the paper so as to transfer ink; then the ribbon advances slightly to make fresh ink available. A cloth ribbon is wrapped onto a spool or loaded into a cartridge that is made to fit the printer used. Cloth ribbon, although adequate for most tasks, is sometimes replaced by film ribbon when the crispest possible output is called for. However, a cloth ribbon, which re-inks itself by capillary action, is usable for multiple impressions, unlike a film ribbon. Compare carbon ribbon.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:29 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(97次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CLS

n. Acronym for Common Language Specification. A subset of language features supported by the .NET common language runtime, comprised of features common to several object-oriented programming languages. CLS-compliant components and tools are guaranteed to interoperate with other CLS-compliant components and tools.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:29 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(79次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

cluster

n. 1. An aggregation, such as a group of data points on a graph. 2. A communications computer and its associated terminals. 3. In data storage, a disk-storage unit consisting of a fixed number of sectors (storage segments on the disk) that the operating system uses to read or write information; typically, a cluster consists of two to eight sectors, each of which holds a certain number of bytes (characters). 4. A group of independent network servers that operate—and appear to clients—as if they were a single unit. A cluster network is designed to improve network capacity by, among other things, enabling the servers within a cluster to shift work in order to balance the load. By enabling one server to take over for another, a cluster network also enhances stability and minimizes or eliminates downtime caused by application or system failure. See also client/server architecture.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:28 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(110次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

cluster analysis

n. A technique used in data mining and knowledge discovery to group observations by identifying and extracting like or similar group conditions. Cluster analysis aims to describe the structure of a complex data set. See also ART, data mining.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:28 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(111次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

cluster controller

n. An intermediary device that is situated between a computer and a group (cluster) of subsidiary devices, such as terminals on a network, and is used to control the cluster.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:27 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(91次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

clustering

n. The grouping of multiple servers in a way that allows them to appear to be a single unit to client computers on a network. Clustering is a means of increasing network capacity, providing live backup in case one of the servers fails, and improving data security. See also cluster (definition 4), server.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:27 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(92次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

cluster network

n. See cluster (definition 4).

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:27 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(89次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

cluster virus

n. A type of virus that infects once but gives the appearance of infecting every application launched. A cluster virus modifies the file system so that it is loaded before any application that the user attempts to open. Because the virus is also run when running any program, it appears that every program on the disk is infected.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:26 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(115次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CLUT

n. Acronym for Color Look Up Table. In digital graphics applications, a specific set of colors used in the creation of graphics. When a graphic is created or edited, the user may specify a CLUT that corresponds with the needs of print, Web, or other destination media. In Web design, a specific CLUT of browser-safe colors is used to be certain graphics and designs will display consistently across different platforms and with different browsers. See also browser CLUT, websafe palette.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:24 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(101次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CMOS RAM

n. Short for random access memory. made using complementary metal-oxide semiconductor technology. CMOS chips consume extremely little power and have high tolerance for noise from the power supply. These characteristics make CMOS chips, including CMOS RAM chips, very useful in hardware components that are powered by batteries, such as most microcomputer clocks and certain types of scratchpad RAM that are maintained by the operating system. See also CMOS (definition 1), parameter RAM, RAM.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:22 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(101次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CMOS setup

n. A system configuration utility, accessible at boot time, for setting up certain system options, such as the date and time, the kind of drives installed, and port configuration. See also CMOS (definition 2).

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:22 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(107次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CMOS

n. 1. Acronym for complementary metal-oxide semiconductor. A semiconductor technology in which pairs of metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs), one N-type and one P-type, are integrated on a single silicon chip. Generally used for RAM and switching applications, these devices have very high speed and extremely low power consumption. They are, however, easily damaged by static electricity. See also MOSFET, N-type semiconductor, P-type semiconductor. 2. The battery-backed memory used to store parameter values needed to boot PCs, such as the type of disks and the amount of memory, as well as the clock/calendar time.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:22 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(128次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CMS

n. See color management system.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:21 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(85次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CMY

n. Acronym for cyan-magenta-yellow. A model for describing colors that are produced by absorbing light, as by ink on paper, rather than by emitting light, as on a video monitor. The three kinds of cone cells in the eye respond to red, green, and blue light, which are absorbed (removed from white light) by cyan, magenta, and yellow pigments, respectively. Percentages of pigments in these subtractive primary colors can therefore be mixed to get the appearance of any desired color. Absence of any pigment leaves white unchanged; adding 100 percent of all three pigments turns white to black. Compare CMYK, RGB.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:21 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(116次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

coaxial cable

n. A round, flexible, two-conductor cable consisting of—from the center outwards—a copper wire, a layer of protective insulation, a braided metal mesh sleeve, and an outer shield, or jacket of PVC or fire-resistant material. The shield prevents signals transmitted on the center wire from affecting nearby components and prevents external interference from affecting the signal carried on the center wire. Coaxial cable is widely used in networks. It is the same type of wiring as that used for cable television. See the illustration. Compare fiberoptic cable, twisted-pair wiring.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:20 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(97次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CMYK

n. Acronym for cyan-magenta-yellow-black. A color model that is similar to the CMY color model but produces black with a separate black component rather than by adding 100 percent of cyan, magenta, and yellow. See also CMY.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:20 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(112次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

COBOL

n. Acronym for Common Business-Oriented Language. A verbose, English-like compiled programming language developed between 1959 and 1961 and still in widespread use today, especially in business applications typically run on mainframes. A COBOL program consists of an Identification Division, which specifies the name of the program and contains any other documentation the programmer wants to add; an Environment Division, which specifies the computers being used and the files used in the program for input and output; a Data Division, which describes the format of the data structures used in the program; and a Procedure Division, which contains the procedures that dictate the actions of the program. See also compiled language.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:19 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(101次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

cobweb site

n. A Web site that is far out of date. See also Web site.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:19 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(98次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Cocoa

n. A set of object-oriented development tools and interfaces available on Mac OS X. Cocoa contains a set of frameworks, software components, and development tools used to construct applications for Mac OS X and provides programming interfaces in Java and Objective-C. Cocoa is based on NeXT's OpenStep and is integrated with Apple technologies.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:19 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(95次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

CODASYL

n. Acronym for Conference on Data Systems Languages. An organization founded by the U.S. Department of Defense. CODASYL is dedicated to the development of data-management systems and languages, among them the widely used COBOL.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:18 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(121次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

code2

vb. To write program instructions in a programming language. See also program.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:17 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(92次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

code1

n. 1. Program instructions. Source code consists of human-readable statements written by a programmer in a programming language. Machine code consists of numerical instructions that the computer can recognize and execute and that were converted from source code. See also data, program. 2. A system of symbols used to convert information from one form to another. A code for converting information in order to conceal it is often called a cipher. 3. One of a set of symbols used to represent information.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:17 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(107次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

code access security

n. A mechanism provided by the runtime whereby managed code is granted permissions by security policy and these permissions are enforced, limiting what operations the code will be allowed to perform. To prevent unintended code paths from exposing a security vulnerability, all callers on the call stack must be granted the necessary permissions (possibly subject to override by assertion or denial).

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:16 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(95次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

code conversion

n. 1. The process of translating program instructions from one form into another. Code may be converted at the source-language level (for example, from C to Pascal), at the hardware-platform level (for example, from working on the IBM PC to working on the Apple Macintosh), or at the language level (for example, from source code in C to machine code). See also code1 (definition 1). 2. The process of transforming data from one representation to another, such as from ASCII to EBCDIC or from two's complement to binary-coded decimal.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:15 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(125次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

codec

n. 1. Short for coder/decoder. Hardware that can convert audio or video signals between analog and digital forms. 2. Short for compressor/decompressor. Hardware or software that can compress and uncompress audio or video data. See also compress2, uncompress. 3. Hardware that combines the functions of definitions 1 and 2.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:15 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(106次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Code Division Multiple Access

n. A form of multiplexing in which the transmitter encodes the signal, using a pseudo-random sequence that the receiver also knows and can use to decode the received signal. Each different random sequence corresponds to a different communication channel. Motorola uses Code Division Multiple Access for digital cellular phones. Acronym: CDMA. Also called: spread spectrum. See also multiplexing, transmitter.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:14 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(104次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

code page

n. In MS-DOS versions 3.3 and later, a table that relates the binary character codes used by a program to keys on the keyboard or to the appearance of characters on the display. Code pages are a means of providing support for character sets and keyboard layouts used in different countries. Devices such as the display and the keyboard can be configured to use a specific code page and to switch from one code page (such as United States) to another (such as Portugal) at the user's request.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:13 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(101次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

code profiler

n. A tool designed to aid developers in identifying and eliminating the code inefficiencies that cause bottlenecks and degrade performance in their applications. Code profilers analyze an executing application to determine both how long functions take to execute and how often they are called. Using a code profiler is a repetitive process in that the tool must be reused after each section of inefficient code has been found and corrected.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:11 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(89次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

coder

n. See programmer.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:11 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(111次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Code Red worm

n. A fast-spreading and pernicious Internet worm first discovered in mid-2001. The Code Red worm propagates quickly, and any machine that was infected once is potentially vulnerable to re-infection. The Code Red worm is time sensitive, spreading in propagation mode from the 1st to the 19th of each month, attacking in flood mode from the 20th to the 27th, and finally hiding in hibernation mode until the 1st of the next month when the cycle begins again. The worm maintains a list of all computers previously infected, and all these computers will be attacked each month by every newly infected machine. This makes total eradication of the worm difficult because a single machine remaining infected from earlier propagation/attack cycles can potentially re-infect every machine on the list, and each computer might be subject to multiple attacks. At least three versions of the Code Red worm are known to exist. The Code Red worm was named for a caffeinated soft drink by the security team that first tracked the worm.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.30 01:09 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(96次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

2006 年 08 月 29日, 星期二

code segment

n. 1. A memory segment containing program instructions. 2. A named and segregated portion of a program's code typically performing a specific class of operations. Code segments in this sense are often loaded into memory as memory segments. The main program segment is kept in memory, and auxiliary segments are loaded only when they are required.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:52 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(100次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

code signing

n. The process of adding a digital signature to additions and updates made to source code and applications published on the Internet. Code signing is intended to provide a level of security and trust to Internet software distribution. See also digital signature.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:52 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(87次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

code snippet

n. 1. In a graphical user interface, programming instructions embedded in a menu option or button defined by the user. The snippet—consisting of one or more lines of source code—determines what the option or button does when chosen or clicked. 2. A small piece of programming code that is part of a larger program. Usually the code snippet performs a specific function or task.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:51 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(83次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

coding form

n. A sheet of paper ruled with horizontal and vertical lines to aid in writing source code for older languages that have position-dependent syntax (such as FORTRAN). Most programmers now use graph paper if they use paper at all.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:51 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(154次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Coffee Pot Control Protocol

n. See HTCPCP.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:50 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(99次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

coherence

n. 1. In raster-scan technology, the assignment of the value of one pixel to the pixel next to it. 2. In optics, the property of some electromagnetic waves of being in phase with one another, as in light from a laser.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:50 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(117次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

coercion

n. See cast.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:50 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(86次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

cold fault

n. A fatal error that occurs immediately upon or shortly after startup as a result of the misalignment of components in the system. The process of running and shutting down any computer induces a series of thermal expansions and contractions in its internal components. Over time, these changes in the dimensions of components can create a microscopic crack in a chip or loosen a pin in a socket; thus, the system crashes when cold, but the problem seems to disappear after the machine is warm. For this reason, some users leave the system unit (but not the monitor) of a computer running from day to day, rather than turn the machine on only when needed.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:49 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(96次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

cold link

n. A link established upon a request for data. Once the request is filled, the link is broken. The next time data is required, a link from the client to the server must be reestablished. In a client/server architecture, cold links are useful when the linked item consists of a large amount of data. Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE), used in applications such as Microsoft Excel, uses cold links for data exchange. See also client/server architecture, DDE. Compare hot link.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:49 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(134次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

cold boot

n. A startup process that begins with turning on the computer's power. Typically, a cold boot involves some basic hardware checking by the system, after which the operating system is loaded from disk into memory. See also boot1. Compare warm boot.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:49 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(100次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

collaboration data object

n. Microsoft Exchange Server technology for creating messaging and collaboration applications. A collaboration data object consists of a scripting interface added to Microsoft Messaging Application Programming Interface (MAPI). Acronym: CDO.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:48 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(98次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

cold start

n. See cold boot.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:48 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(82次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

collapsed backbone

n. See backbone (definition 3).

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:47 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(83次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

collate

vb. In data handling, to merge items from two or more similar sets to create a combined set that maintains the order or sequence of items in the original sets.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:47 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(94次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

collating sort

n. A sort that proceeds by continuous merging of two or more files to produce a certain sequence of records or data items.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:47 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(87次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

collaborative filtering

n. A means of deriving information from the experiences and opinions of a number of people. The term was coined by Doug Terry at Xerox PARC, who first used the technique by allowing users to annotate documents as they read them and to choose which documents to read next based not only on their content but also on what others wrote about them. A common use of collaborative filtering is the creation of lists of World Wide Web pages of interest to particular people; by documenting the experiences of several people, a list of interesting Web sites can be “filtered.” Collaborative filtering is also used as a marketing research tool; by keeping a database of opinions and ratings regarding several products, researchers can predict which new products the people contributing to the database will like.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:47 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(93次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

collation sequence

n. The ordering relationship (sequence) among objects that is to be established by a collating sort. See also collating sort.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:46 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(103次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

collector

n. The region of a bipolar transistor into which charge carriers flow under normal operating conditions. The output of the transistor is usually taken from the collector. With respect to the base and emitter, the collector is positive in an NPN transistor and negative in a PNP transistor. See also NPN transistor, PNP transistor. Compare base (definition 3), emitter.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:46 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(94次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

collision

n. The result of two devices or network workstations trying to transmit signals at the exact same time on the same channel. The typical outcome is a garbled transmission.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:46 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(74次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

collision detection

n. 1. The process by which a node on a local area network monitors the communications line to determine when a collision has occurred; that is, when two nodes have attempted to transmit at the same time. Although network stations usually avoid collisions by monitoring the line and waiting for it to clear before transmitting, the method is not foolproof. When a collision does occur, the two nodes involved usually wait a random amount of time before attempting to retransmit. See also contention, CSMA/CD. 2. The process by which a game or simulation program determines whether two objects on the screen are touching each other. This is a time-consuming, often complicated procedure; some computers optimized for graphics and games, such as the Amiga, have special hardware built in specifically to detect collisions.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:45 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(92次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

colocation or co-location

n. The operation of a server, router, or other device in a facility that provides a dedicated Internet connection, physical space in a secured cage, and regulated power. Colocation services often include fire detection and extinguishing, backup power, technical support, and additional security measures to ensure high availability.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:45 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(84次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

color bits

n. A predetermined number of bits assigned to each displayable pixel that determine the pixel's color when it is displayed on a monitor. For example, two color bits are required for four colors; eight color bits are required for 256 colors. See also pixel image. Compare bit plane.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:44 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(80次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

color box

n. In the Windows NT and Windows 9x Paint accessory, a graphic screen element in the form of a paint box that is used to select foreground and background colors.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:44 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(73次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

color

n. In physics, the component of the human perception of light that depends on frequency. For light of a single frequency, color ranges from violet at the high-frequency end of the visible-light band (a small portion of the total electromagnetic spectrum) to red at the low-frequency end. In computer video, color is produced by a combination of hardware and software. Software manipulates combinations of bits that represent the distinct shades of color that are destined for particular positions on the screen (characters or individual dots, called pixels). The video adapter hardware translates these bits into electrical signals, which in turn control the brightnesses of different-colored phosphors at the corresponding positions on the screen of the monitor CRT. The user's eye unites the light from the phosphors to perceive a single color. See also color model, color monitor, CRT, HSB, monitor, RGB, video, video adapter.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:44 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(125次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

color cycling

n. A technique used in computer graphics for changing the color of one or more pixels on the screen by changing the color palette used by the video adapter rather than by changing the color bits for each pixel. For example, to cause a red circle to fade away to a black background color, the program need only change the set of signal values corresponding to “red” in the video adapter's color look-up table, periodically making it darker until it matches the black background. At each step, the apparent color of the whole circle changes instantly; it appears to fade rather than to be painted over and over. The speed at which and the degree to which the circle fades are entirely up to the programmer.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:43 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(139次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

color depth

n. The number of color values that can be assigned to a single pixel in an image. Also known as bit depth, color depth can range from 1 bit (black and white) to 32 bits (over 16.7 million colors). See also bit depth.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:43 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(94次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

color burst

n. A technique used to encode color in a composite video signal, originally developed so that black-and-white television monitors could display programs broadcast in color. The color burst consists of a combination of the red, green, and blue intensities (used by black-and-white displays) and two color-difference signals that determine separate red, green, and blue intensities (used by color displays). See also color look-up table.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:43 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(86次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

color gamut

n. The particular range of colors that a device is able to produce. A device such as a scanner, monitor, or printer can produce a unique range of colors, which is determined by the characteristics of the device itself. See also rendering intent.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:42 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(114次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Color/Graphics Adapter

n. See CGA.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:42 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(86次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

colorimeter

n. A device that evaluates and identifies colors in terms of a standard set of synthesized colors.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:42 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(87次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

color look-up table

n. A table stored in a computer's video adapter, containing the color signal values that correspond to the different colors that can be displayed on the computer's monitor. When color is displayed indirectly, a small number of color bits are stored for each pixel and are used to select a set of signal values from the color look-up table. Also called: color map, color table, video look-up table. See also color bits, palette (definition 2), pixel.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:41 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(119次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Color Look Up Table

n. See CLUT.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:41 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(110次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

color management

n. The process of producing or reproducing accurate, consistent color across any of a variety of color input, output, and display devices. Color management includes, but is not limited to, accurate conversion of RGB input from input devices such as a scanner or a camera or from display devices such as a monitor to CMYK output for an output device such as a printer. Color management also encompasses application of a device profile, which contains information on color behavior for the printer or other device on which the image will be reproduced, and allowance for environmental variations such as humidity and lighting. See also CMYK, RGB.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:41 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(98次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

color map

n. See color look-up table.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:40 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(105次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

color model

n. Any method or convention for representing color in desktop publishing and graphic arts. In the graphic arts and printing fields, colors are often specified with the Pantone system. In computer graphics, colors can be described using any of several different color systems: HSB (hue, saturation, and brightness), CMY (cyan, magenta, and yellow), and RGB (red, green, and blue). See also CMY, HSB, Pantone Matching System, process color, RGB, spot color.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:40 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(100次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

color management system

n. A technology designed to calibrate, characterize, and process color production and reproduction across a variety of color input, output, and display devices. See also color management.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:40 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(86次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

color monitor

n. A video display device designed to work with a video card or an adapter to produce text or graphics images in color. A color monitor, unlike a monochrome display, has a screen coated internally with patterns of three phosphors that glow red, green, and blue when struck by an electron beam. To create colors such as yellow, pink, and orange, the three phosphors are lighted together in varying degrees. A video card that uses large groups of bits (6 or more) to describe colors and that generates analog (continuously variable) signals is capable of generating an enormous potential range of colors on a color monitor. See also color, color model, Cycolor.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:39 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(97次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

color palette

n. See palette (definition 1).

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:39 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(131次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

color plane

n. See bit plane.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:39 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(102次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

color printer

n. A computer printer that can print full-color output. Most color printers can also produce black-and-white output.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:38 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(97次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

color saturation

n. The amount of a hue contained in a color; the more saturation, the more intense the color. See also color model, HSB.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:38 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(103次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

color separation

n. 1. The process of printing the colors in a document as separate output files, each of which is to be printed using a different-colored ink. There are two types of color separation: spot color separation and process color separation. See also color model, process color, spot color. 2. One of the output files produced by a color document, to be printed in its own color of ink.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:37 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(100次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

color scanner

n. A scanner that converts images to a digitized format and is able to interpret color. Depth of color depends on the scanner's bit depth—its ability to transform color into 8, 16, 24, or 32 bits. High-end color scanners, commonly used when output is to be printed, are able to encode information at a high resolution or number of dots per inch (dpi). Low-end color scanners encode information at a resolution of 72 dpi and are commonly used for computer screen images not intended for printing. See also resolution (definition 1), scanner.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:37 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(97次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

color supertwist nematic display

n. See supertwist display.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:36 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(98次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

color table

n. See color look-up table.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:36 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(95次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

color space

n. A means of describing color in digital environments. RGB is the most common color space on the Web, and with other color, the most common color space viewed on computer displays, while CMYK is the main color space for desktop publishing and other digital print media.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:36 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(109次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

column chart

n. A bar chart in which values are displayed and printed as vertical bars. See the illustration. See also bar chart.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:35 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(94次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

.com

n. 1. In the Internet's Domain Name System, the top-level domain that identifies addresses operated by commercial organizations. The domain name .com appears as a suffix at the end of the address. See also DNS (definition 1), domain (definition 3). Compare .edu, .gov, .mil, .net, .org. 2. In MS-DOS, the file extension that identifies a command file. See also COM (definition 3).

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:35 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(93次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

column

n. 1. A series of items arranged vertically within some type of framework—for example, a continuous series of cells running from top to bottom in a spreadsheet, a set of lines of specified width on a printed page, a vertical line of pixels on a video screen, or a set of values aligned vertically in a table or matrix. Compare row. 2. In a relational database management system, the name for an attribute. The collection of column values that form the description of a particular entity is called a tuple or row. A column is equivalent to a field in a record in a nonrelational file system. See also entity, field (definition 1), row, table (definition 2).

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:35 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(101次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

COM

n. 1. A name reserved by the MS-DOS operating system for serial communications ports. For example, if a modem is connected to one serial port and a serial printer to another, the devices are identified as COM1 and COM2 by the operating system. 2. Acronym for Component Object Model. A specification developed by Microsoft for building software components that can be assembled into programs or add functionality to existing programs running on Microsoft Windows platforms. COM components can be written in a variety of languages, although most are written in C++, and can be unplugged from a program at runtime without having to recompile the program. COM is the foundation of the OLE (object linking and embedding), ActiveX, and DirectX specifications. See also ActiveX, component (definition 2), DirectX, OLE. 3. The extension reserved by MS-DOS for a type of executable binary (program) file limited to a single 64-kilobyte (KB) segment. COM files are often used for utility programs and short routines. They are not supported in OS/2. 4. Acronym for computer-output microfilm. Microfilm that can record data from a computer.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:34 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(108次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

COM1

n. A serial communications port in Wintel systems. COM1 is usually specified by the I/O range 03F8H, is usually associated with interrupt request line IRQ4, and in many systems is used to connect an RS232 serial mouse. See also IRQ.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:34 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(88次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

COM3

n. A serial communications port in Wintel (Windows running on an Intel chip) systems. COM3 is usually specified by the I/O range 03E8H, is usually associated with interrupt request line IRQ4, and in many systems is used as an alternative to COM1 or COM2 if the latter is being used by some other peripheral. See also IRQ, port, Wintel.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:33 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(101次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

combinatorial explosion

n. A condition inherent in certain types of mathematical problems in which small increases in the problem's size (number of data items or parameters of the operation) lead to enormous increases in the time required to obtain a solution. See also combinatorics.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:33 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(105次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

COM2

n. A serial communications port in Wintel systems. COM2 is usually specified by the I/O range 02F8H, is usually associated with interrupt request line IRQ3, and in many systems is used to connect a modem. See also IRQ.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:33 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(94次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

COM callable wrapper

n. A proxy object generated by the runtime so that existing COM applications can use managed classes, including .NET Framework classes, transparently. Acronym: CCW.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:32 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(96次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

COMDEX

n. Any of a series of annual computer trade shows operated by Softbank COMDEX, Inc. One of these shows takes place in Las Vegas each November and is the largest computer trade show in the United States.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:32 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(85次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

combinatorics

n. A branch of mathematics related to probability and statistics, involving the study of counting, grouping, and arrangement of finite sets of elements. Combinatorics involves the two concepts of combinations and permutations. A combination is the grouping of elements taken from a larger set without regard to the order of the elements in each group; for example, taking two elements at a time from a set of four objects (A, B, C, and D) creates six combinations of objects: AB, AC, AD, BC, BD, and CD. A permutation is a grouping of elements taken from a larger set with regard to the order of the elements. For example, in making permutations of two objects from the same set of four objects, there would be four candidates to choose from for the first selection (A), and three left over to choose from for the second selection (B), or 12 permutations in all: AB, AC, AD, BA, BC, BD, CA, CB, CD, DA, DB, DC. See also combinatorial explosion.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:32 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(115次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Comité Consultatif International Télégraphique et Téléphonique

n. See CCITT.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:31 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(93次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

comma-delimited file

n. A data file consisting of fields and records, stored as text, in which the fields are separated from each other by commas. Use of comma-delimited files allows communication between database systems that use different formats. If the data in a field contains a comma, the field is further surrounded with quotation marks.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:31 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(94次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

command buffer

n. An area in memory in which commands entered by the user are kept. A command buffer can enable the user to repeat commands without retyping them completely, edit past commands to change some argument or correct a mistake, undo commands, or obtain a list of past commands. See also history, template (definition 4).

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:30 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(107次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

command

n. An instruction to a computer program that, when issued by the user, causes an action to be carried out. Commands are usually either typed at the keyboard or chosen from a menu.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:30 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(86次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

COMMAND.COM

n. The command interpreter for MS-DOS. See also command interpreter.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:29 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(101次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

command-driven

adj. Accepting commands in the form of code words or letters, which the user must learn. Compare menu-driven.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:29 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(86次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

command button

n. A control shaped like a pushbutton in a dialog box in a graphical user interface. By clicking a command button, the user causes the computer to perform some action, such as opening a file that has just been selected using the other controls in the dialog box.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:29 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(129次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

command interpreter

n. A program, usually part of the operating system, that accepts typed commands from the keyboard and performs tasks as directed. The command interpreter is responsible for loading applications and directing the flow of information between applications. In OS/2 and MS-DOS, the command interpreter also handles simple functions, such as moving and copying files and displaying disk directory information. See also shell1.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:28 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(106次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Command key

n. On the original Macintosh keyboard, a key labeled with the special symbol, sometimes called the propeller or puppy foot. This key is found on one or both sides of the Spacebar, depending on the version of the Apple keyboard. The key serves some of the same functions as the Control key on IBM keyboards. See also Control key.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:28 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(80次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

command-driven system

n. A system in which the user initiates operations by a command entered from the console. Compare graphical user interface.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:28 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(96次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

command line

n. A string of text written in the command language and passed to the command interpreter for execution. See also command language.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:27 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(100次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

command-line interface

n. A form of interface between the operating system and the user in which the user types commands, using a special command language. Although systems with command-line interfaces are usually considered more difficult to learn and use than those with graphical interfaces, command-based systems are usually programmable; this gives them flexibility unavailable in graphics-based systems that do not have a programming interface. Compare graphical user interface.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:27 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(77次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

command language

n. The set of keywords and expressions that are accepted as valid by the command interpreter. See also command interpreter.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:27 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(117次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

command mode

n. A mode of operation in which a program waits for a command to be issued. Compare edit mode, insert mode.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:26 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(84次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

command processing

n. See command-driven system.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:26 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(106次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

command-line interface

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:26 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(84次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

command shell

n. See shell1.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:25 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(89次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

command processor

n. See command interpreter.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:25 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(83次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

comment

n. Text embedded in a program for documentation purposes. Comments usually describe what the program does, who wrote it, why it was changed, and so on. Most programming languages have a syntax for creating comments so that they can be recognized and ignored by the compiler or assembler. Also called: remark. See also comment out.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:24 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(83次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

comment out

vb. To disable one or more lines of code from a program temporarily by enclosing them within a comment statement. See also comment, conditional compilation, nest.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:24 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(106次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

command state

n. The state in which a modem accepts commands, such as a command to dial a telephone number. Compare online state.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:24 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(93次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

commerce server

n. An HTTP server designed for conducting online business transactions. Data is transferred between the server and Web browser in an encrypted form to keep information such as credit card numbers reasonably secure. Commerce servers are typically used by online stores and companies that are set up for mail order business. The wares or services offered by the store or company are described and displayed in photographs on the store or company Web site and users can order directly from the site using their Web browser. A number of companies market commerce servers, including Netscape, Microsoft, and Quarterdeck. See also HTTP server (definition 1), Secure Sockets Layer, Web browser.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:23 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(100次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

commercial access provider

n. See ISP.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:23 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(97次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Commerce Interchange Pipeline

n. See CIP.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:23 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(91次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

commercial off-the-shelf board

n. A hardware board or platform that is readily available in the industry for purchase and can be used for development or test purposes. Also called: COTS board.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:22 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(99次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Common Access Method

n. A standard developed by Future Domain and other SCSI vendors allowing SCSI adapters to communicate with SCSI peripherals regardless of the particular hardware used. See also SCSI.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:22 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(129次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Common Application Language

n. See CAL.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:22 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(101次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Commercial Internet Exchange

n. A nonprofit trade organization of public Internet service providers. In addition to the usual representational and social activities, the organization also operates an Internet backbone router that is accessible to its members. Acronym: CIX. See also backbone (definition 1), ISP, router.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:22 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(106次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

common carrier

n. A communications company (e.g., a telephone company) that provides service to the public and is regulated by governmental organizations.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:21 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(90次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Common Client Interface

n. A control interface begun with the X Windows version of NCSA Mosaic whereby other programs can control the local copy of a Web browser. The X Windows and Windows versions of NCSA Mosaic can communicate with other programs via TCP/IP. The Windows version is also capable of OLE communication. Acronym: CCI. See also Mosaic, OLE, TCP/IP, X Window System.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:21 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(101次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Common Gateway Interface

n. See CGI (definition 1), CGI script.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:21 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(77次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Common Indexing Protocol

n. See CIP.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:20 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(88次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Common Information Model

n. See CIM (definition 1).

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:20 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(84次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Common Hardware Reference Platform

n. A specification describing a family of machines, based on the PowerPC processor, that are capable of booting multiple operating systems, including Mac OS, Windows NT, AIX, and Solaris. Acronym: CHRP. See also PowerPC.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:20 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(95次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

common language runtime

n. The engine at the core of managed code execution. The runtime supplies managed code with services such as cross-language integration, code access security, object lifetime management, and debugging and profiling support.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:19 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(90次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Common Internet File System

n. A standard proposed by Microsoft that would compete directly with Sun Microsystems' Web Network File System. A system of file sharing of Internet or intranet files. Acronym: CIFS.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:19 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(99次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

common language runtime host

n. An unmanaged application that uses a set of APIs, called the hosting interfaces, to integrate managed code into the application. Common language runtime hosts often require a high degree of customization over the runtime that is loaded into the process. The hosting interfaces allow common language runtime hosts to specify settings that configure the garbage collector, select the appropriate build for their environment (server versus workstation), and so on. Common language runtime hosts often support an extensibility model that allows the end user to dynamically add new pieces of functionality, such as a new control or a user-written function. These extensions are typically isolated from each other in the process using application domains and custom security settings. Examples of common language runtime hosts include ASP.NET, Microsoft Internet Explorer, and a host to run executables launched from the Windows Shell.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:18 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(86次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Common Language Specification

n. See CLS.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:18 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(100次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Common LISP

n. Short for Common List Processing. A formalized and standardized version of the LISP programming language. Because LISP is in the public domain, a number of different versions of the language have evolved, and Common LISP was made a standard to give programmers a definitive source for LISP. See also LISP, programming language, standard (definition 1).

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:17 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(91次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Common Object Request Broker Architecture

n. See CORBA.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:17 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(108次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

common type system

n. The specification that determines how the runtime defines, uses, and manages types.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:16 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(105次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Common User Access

n. A set of standards for management of user interfaces as part of IBM's Systems Application Architecture (SAA). Common User Access is designed to facilitate development of applications that are compatible and consistent across different platforms. Acronym: CUA. See also standard (definition 1), user interface.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:16 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(87次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

communications

n. The vast discipline encompassing the methods, mechanisms, and media involved in information transfer. In computer-related areas, communications involves data transfer from one computer to another through a communications medium, such as a telephone, microwave relay, satellite link, or physical cable. Two primary methods of computer communications exist: temporary connection of two computers through a switched network, such as the public telephone system, and permanent or semipermanent linking of multiple workstations or computers in a network. The line between the two is indistinct, however, because microcomputers equipped with modems are often used to access both privately owned and public-access network computers. See also asynchronous transmission, CCITT, channel (definition 2), communications protocol, IEEE, ISDN, ISO/OSI model, LAN, modem, network, synchronous transmission. Compare data transmission, telecommunications, teleprocess.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.29 00:15 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(88次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

2006 年 08 月 27日, 星期日

Communications Act of 1934

n. See FCC.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.27 01:01 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(84次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

Communication Satellite Corporation

n. Corporation created by the U.S. government to provide international satellite services for telecommunications. Acronym: COMSAT.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.27 01:00 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(89次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

communications controller

n. A device used as an intermediary in transferring communications to and from the host computer to which it is connected. By relieving the host computer of the actual tasks of sending, receiving, deciphering, and checking transmissions for errors, a communications controller helps to make efficient use of the host computer's processing time—time that might be better used for noncommunications tasks. A communications controller can be either a programmable machine in its own right or a nonprogrammable device designed to follow certain communications protocols. See also front-end processor (definition 2).

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.27 00:59 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(111次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

communications link

n. The connection between computers that enables data transfer.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.27 00:59 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(95次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

communications channel

n. See channel (definition 2).

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.27 00:59 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(90次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

communications parameter

n. Any of several settings required in order to enable computers to communicate. In asynchronous communications, for example, modem speed, number of data bits and stop bits, and type of parity are parameters that must be set correctly to establish communication between two modems.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.27 00:58 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(101次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

communications port

n. See COM.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.27 00:58 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(95次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

communications network

n. See network.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.27 00:58 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(84次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

communications protocol

n. A set of rules or standards designed to enable computers to connect with one another and to exchange information with as little error as possible. The protocol generally accepted for standardizing overall computer communications is a seven-layer set of hardware and software guidelines known as the OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model. A somewhat different standard, widely used before the OSI model was developed, is IBM's SNA (Systems Network Architecture). The word protocol is often used, sometimes confusingly, in reference to a multitude of standards affecting different aspects of communication, such as file transfer (for example, XMODEM and ZMODEM), handshaking (for example, XON/XOFF), and network transmissions (for example, CSMA/CD). See also ISO/OSI model, SNA.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.27 00:57 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(89次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

communications satellite

n. A satellite stationed in geosynchronous orbit that acts as a microwave relay station, receiving signals sent from a ground-based station (earth station), amplifying them, and retransmitting them on a different frequency to another ground-based station. Initially used for telephone and television signals, communications satellites can also be used for high-speed transmission of computer data. Two factors affecting the use of satellites with computers, however, are propagation delay (the time lag caused by the distance traveled by the signal) and security concerns. See also downlink, uplink.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.27 00:57 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(111次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

communications program

n. A software program that enables a computer to connect with another computer and to exchange information. For initiating communications, communications programs perform such tasks as maintaining communications parameters, storing and dialing phone numbers automatically, recording and executing logon procedures, and repeatedly dialing busy lines. Once a connection is made, communications programs can also be instructed to save incoming messages on disk or to find and transmit disk files. During communication, these types of programs perform the major, and usually invisible, tasks of encoding data, coordinating transmissions to and from the distant computer, and checking incoming data for transmission errors.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.27 00:57 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(86次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)

communications slot

n. On many models of the Apple Macintosh, a dedicated expansion slot for network interface cards. Acronym: CS.

tang2049 发表于:2006.08.27 00:56 ::分类: ( C ) ::阅读:(88次) :: 评论 (0) :: 引用 (0)